I don’t think either side has anything to worry about. There might be tight regulations in 15 years, but there are always ways around that (either by buying an older model or paying a gas guzzler tax), and in 30 years, the majority of cars won’t be powered by gasoline at all, so mileage won’t be an issue anyway. Those people who do want a high-performance (and near-zero emmissions) gas hog to drive on the weekends will still be able to buy them. Enthusiasts like me won’t care if there are “penalties” for owning such beasts or if gas is $20/gallon – I’ll still need to hear that flat-6 wail. Gas engines will never die out completely. Thank the gods.