[quote=spdrun]Maybe we need more reasonable smog standards. For what time period are the levels 40x the allowable amount emitted?[/quote]

If I understand the cited article correctly, the curbs on emissions only are in place when the car is getting smog checked (“dyno mode”). In “road mode” there are no emissions controls in effect. Here is a quote:

“That [software] switch had two modes, which VW calls “road calibration” and “dyno calibration.” Only in “dyno” mode, which monitored for the precise conditions EPA and other agencies would use to test emissions, do the engine’s full emission controls go into effect. At all other times, the diesels’ software uses the “road” mode.”

Amazing in terms of the brashness of VW. And very disappointing.