I believe the California law, which was changed about 5 years ago, currently provides for a base homestead exemption of $50,000. That can increase to $75,000 if the debtor has other family members living in the house. There are other increases based on age, income, and a few other variables.
The homestead exemption is not automatic, it must be recorded with a notarized declaration.
I believe OJ moved to Florida because of that state’s unlimited homestead exemption. He paid a ton of money for his home, paid cash, and it was all protected post bankruptcy.