I’m a PC guy, but I’m thinking if you could find out what the connector type is for the drive on your exact model of MacBook, you might be able to get a (type of connector here) to USB adapter which could just be plugged into another Mac externally? That way you don’t have to deal with taking apart a new Mac to install a drive.
Or like spdrun just said, if you swap the motherboard, you just connect the old drive and you’re off.
Looks like Apple changes their connectors constantly, so if you go the new device route, the USB way may be the only way.