Above I wrote: “By the way, the ROTH is the greatest thing if you believe in high inflation, because it is the only instrument, where you don’t get taxed on the extra artificial gains caused by inflation.”
Thanks to the inspiration of Prof. Piggington I realized that the regular IRAs also end up at exact the same tax savings (if one is in the same tax bracket when withdrawing vs. contributing). This is because the deferred tax in the IRA (sort of a free loan) grows at the same rate as the principal, and the gains on these pay exactly for the taxes you pay on your other gains when you withdraw.
To repeat: Both regular and Roth IRAs protect you from artificial gains caused by inflation, and therefore anyone who is afraid of inflation should make the maximum contribution. (Otherwise, the homeowners could have their field day, since houses e.g. in low past appreciation areas could be good in a high inflation environment.)

Also, thanks to vrudny for answering some of the questions I stated and for the links. There are many more little details to consider, but one little advantage of the Roth seems to be that one can leave funds in there longer (growing tax free), even beyond age of 70. So if you get really old this might matter.